Nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, abɔde mu ade a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ adansi ne dan mu nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu no nya wɔn dwumadi fi nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ, sɛnea nnua no gyina pintinn, ne sɛnea ɛtumi sesa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu. Sɛ wɔde toto ntama a nnipa-yɛ ho a, nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den, a ɛwɔ abɔdeɛ mu nwene soronko, mfiri a ɛkyɛn so, ne nea ɛtumi tra hɔ daa, kura gyinabea titire wɔ nnɛyi gua so, baabi a dwumadie ahwehwɛdeɛ reyɛ ahodoɔ kɛseɛ. Saa asɛm yi bɛkyerɛkyerɛ dwumadie fapem titire a ɛwɔ nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den no mu wɔ nhyehyɛeɛ mu afiri akwan anan so: adesoa-soa mmoa, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmara, afɛfɛdeɛ a wɔde siesie nneɛma, ne sɛdeɛ ɛkyɛ.
I. Adesoa-Bearing Support Function: Abɔde mu Mfaso a ɛwɔ Structural Stability so
Adesoa-tumi a wɔde soa nnua a ɛyɛ den no ne wɔn nneɛma a ɛyɛ den, nhama a wɔde kyerɛ, ne nsu a ɛwɔ mu no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnua a ɛyɛ den ahorow te sɛ oak ne teak, esiane wɔn nkwammoaa afasu a ɛyɛ den ne wɔn nyin nkaa a ɛyɛ den nti, tumi nya ahoɔden a wɔde mia so a ɛyɛ 50-80 MPa (megapascals), a ɛboro pine a wɔtaa de di dwuma no 30-50 MPa koraa, na ɛma ɛfata ma adesoa kɛse-adesoa a wɔde di dwuma te sɛ fam ne antweri so. Nsiesiei a wɔde nhama a ɛware a ɛkyerɛ kwan no ma nnua a ɛyɛ den no tumi kotow kɛse wɔ wɔn tenten mu. Sɛ wɔyow wie (wɔhwɛ nsuo a ɛwɔ mu wɔ 8%-12%) akyi no, wɔbɛtumi akura wɔn elastic modulus no mu wɔ 8-12 GPa (GigaPascals) a ɛyɛ den, a ɛhwɛ ma wɔtumi gyina deformation ano bere tenten. Bio nso, ɛdenam nsateaa a wɔde ka bom anaasɛ lamination reinforcement akwan horow so no, wɔma nnua a ɛyɛ den ntaaboo a ɛtrɛw no ahoɔden a ɛtrɛw no yɛ kɛse, na ɛtrɛw tumi a wobetumi de adi dwuma wɔ beam-column adan mu no mu bio.
II. Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho Mmara: Nsuo a Ɛkari pɛ ne Ɔhyew a Wɔhwɛ So
Nnua a ɛyɛ den ntaaboo yɛ abɔde mu "wim tebea a ɛbɔ ho ban." Wɔn porous structure (porosity bɛyɛ 30%-45% wɔ mframa-dry density) ma nsuo a ɛtwetwe ne desorption su a ɛyɛ nwonwa: sɛ dan mu relative humidity kɔ soro a, dua no nkwammoaa mu abura no twetwe nsuo; sɛ nsuo so tew a, nsuo no fi adi nkakrankakra, na ɛnam so ma nsuo a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no nsakraeɛ so tew bɛyɛ 10%-15%. Nsɔhwɛ mu nsɛm kyerɛ sɛ wɔ tebea a ɛyɛ digrii 20 ne nsuo 65% mu no, dua a ɛyɛ den a ne kɛseɛ yɛ 1cm tumi hwɛ nsuo a ɛsesa bɛyɛ 0.5L/m2 da biara. Bio nso, sɛnea nnua no ntumi nkɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam (0.15-0.35 W/(m·K)) no ma ɛyɛ ade a ɛkyɛn so a ɛmma mframa nkɔ mu. Sɛ wɔde ɔhyew a ɛkora so no ka ho a, ɛtew ɔhyew mu nsakrae a ɛba mpofirim wɔ adan mu no ase yiye, na ɛma asetra mu ahotɔ yɛ kɛse. Saa dwumadi yi ho hia titiriw wɔ ɔdan nhyehyɛe a ɛnyɛ adwuma mu.
III. Afɛfɛde a Wɔde Siesie Nneɛma: Abɔde mu Nneɛma ne Botae a Wɔde Ka Nneɛma
Nnua a ɛyɛ den panels’ abɔde mu aburow, kɔla gradients, ne soro te nka ma ɛyɛ soronko afɛfɛde bo. Nnua ahorow da microstructural su soronko adi: sɛ nhwɛso no, walnut a ɛyɛ asorɔkye, a ɛte sɛ chevron-, cherry a ɛyɛ tẽẽ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne nsõ a ɛhyerɛn na ɛbue. Wobetumi ama eyinom nyinaa anya nkɔso wɔ aniwa so denam aduru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ soro te sɛ nea wɔde yɛ polishing ne brushing so. Ɛdefa tactile su ho no, micro-roughness (Ra value) a ɛyɛ 0.1-0.3mm wɔ nnua a ɛyɛ den panels ani no ma friction resistance brɛoo, a ɛdi ergonomic ahwehwɛdeɛ a ɛfa "adamfofa nkitahodi" ho. Bio nso, phytoncides a nnua gyae no nya ntini ahorow no so nkɛntɛnso a ɛma obi dwo. Saa bioactivity yi ma nkate fam mfaso a ɛwɔ nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ nnua a ɛwɔ akwahosan ho mmeae ne atrae a ɛkorɔn so no yɛ kɛse bio.
IV. Durability: Anti-Onyin ne Ahobammɔ a Ɛma Nkɔanim
Sɛnea nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ nnua no kyɛ no gyina sɛnea nnua ahorow no tumi gyina abɔde mu porɔwee ne ayaresa a wɔde bɔ ho ban akyiri yi so. Nnua a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ mmeae a osu tɔ na owia bɔ kɛse te sɛ merbau ne Afrika rosewood, esiane nneɛma a wɔde yiyi mu pii (te sɛ tannins ne lignin) nti, ɛwɔ abɔde mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia porɔwee a ɛyɛ Class I (a ɛko tia porɔwee denneennen), a etumi gyina nwansena ntua ano bɛboro mfe 20 a wɔmmɔ ho ban. Wɔ nnua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔtaa de di dwuma (te sɛ fir ne poplar) fam no, vacuum ne pressure a wɔde nnuru a wɔde siesie nneɛma a wɔde ahyɛ mu (ACQ, CA) sa no betumi atrɛw wɔn nkwa nna mu akodu mfe 15-25. Ɛnyɛ sɛ nneɛma a wɔde kata soro (te sɛ UV-curable lacquers ne wood wax oils) ma ahoɔden a ɛko tia ɔsɛe no yɛ kɛse nko (abrasion value<=0.15g/100r) na mmom esiw lignin a ɛsɛe a UV de ba no ano nso, na ɛma kɔla no gyina hɔ pintinn mfe 8-10.
Awie
Nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ adwuma fapem no yɛ nea efi abɔde mu nneɛma ho nyansahu ne nnipa ahiade ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ no mu aba. Wɔn adesoa-soa tumi a wɔaka abom, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmara, ahosiesie afɛfɛde, ne nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ hwɛ hu sɛ wɔbɛkɔ so adi dwuma a wontumi nsi ananmu wɔ nnɛyi ɔmanfo a wodi adansi a ɛyɛ ahabammono ne asetra pa akyi. Daakye, ɛnam mfiridwuma a wɔde ma ɛyow, akwan a wɔfa so yɛ nsakraeɛ ne nneɛma a wɔde kata so a ɛnyɛ nea ɛmma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no bɛkɔ so no, wɔbɛtrɛw nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den no dwumadie ahyeɛ mu bio, na ɛbɛma wɔanya ano aduru a ɛyɛ fɛ ama nhyehyɛɛ a ɛbɛtena hɔ daa.
