Nnua a ɛyɛ den, a ɛyɛ atetesɛm mu nneɛma a wɔde yɛ dan mu nneɛma ne adansi ho ahosiesie mu biako, wɔ honam fam nneɛma ne afɛfɛde a ɛsom bo a wontumi nsi ananmu esiane sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no soronko nti.Nea ɛnte sɛ ntaaboo a wɔde nsa ayɛ, a wɔde gluu ne lamination na ɛyɛ no, nnua a ɛyɛ den no kura mfitiase nyin aburow ne nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ dua no mu no mu. Saa honam fam agyapade a ɛwɔ abɔde mu yi ma wonya mfaso kɛse wɔ ahoɔden, ahoɔden, ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛnyɛ papa mu.
Sɛ yɛhwɛ ade ketewaa bi a, nnua a ɛyɛ den no yɛ nkwammoaa a ɛte sɛ ntini a enni ano, a ɛba na ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe wɔ abɔde mu bere a dua no nyin no. Ntini mu nkwammoaa a wɔahyehyɛ no tenten no na ɛma nsu fa, bere a nnua nhama a wɔakyekyɛ wɔ afã horow no na ɛboa titiriw wɔ nhyehyɛe no mu. Saa anisotropic nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe yi kyerɛkyerɛ nea enti a nnua a ɛyɛ den ntaaboo da nsakrae kɛse adi wɔ honam fam su ahorow mu wɔ aburow no ho-ahoɔden a ɛtwetwe ade kɛse mpɛn du wɔ aburow no ho sen aburow no atifi. Sɛ yɛde nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ no, nnua a ɛyɛ coniferous da nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ pɛ na ɛyɛ daa adi, bere a nnua a ɛyɛ den da ntini kyekyɛ ne nyin nkaa nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den kɛse adi. Saa nsonsonoe nketenkete yi nya sɛnea nnua a ɛyɛ den a efi nnua ahorow mu yɛ adwuma yiye no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ.
Nnua a ɛyɛ den ntaaboo no nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ kɛse no da adi titiriw wɔ ntini a ɛtaa ba te sɛ nyin nkaa, pith, ne sapwood mu. Onyin nkaa yɛ nkaa a ɛwɔ mfinimfini a ɛba bere a dua bi nyin afe biara no. Ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔn density ne kɔla ahorow a ɛsonosonoe no kyerɛw mfe a dua no adi nko, na mmom ɛka nnua no mfiridwuma ne sɛnea wɔyɛ no tẽẽ nso. Mpɛn pii no, nkaa a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ fɛ a enyin no kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ den kɛse, bere a nkaa a ɛtrɛw na ɛnyɛ den a enyin no kyerɛ baabi a ɛyɛ papa a enyin nanso ɛyɛ ade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra. Pith a ɛwɔ dua no mfinimfini no yɛ beae a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ a nkwammoaa a edi kan no na ɛwom. Mpɛn pii no, ade no fã yi taa sɛe na n’ahoɔden sua. Nsonsonoe a ɛda sapwood ne heartwood ntam no ho hia saa ara. Sapwood kɔla yɛ hare na nsu pii wom, na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ adwuma; nanso heartwood de, nneɛma pii wɔ mu, na ɛma ne kɔla yɛ tuntum na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.
Wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu no, sɛnea wɔde saw nnua no na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nnua a ɛyɛ den no nhyehyɛe mudi mu kura no kɛse. Tangential saw kwan a wɔtaa fa so no ma chevron aburow a ɛyɛ fɛ nanso ɛhu amane wɔ sɛnea entumi nnyina pintinn yiye ho, bere a quarter-sawn kwan no ma wonya board a ɛyɛ den kɛse a ɛwɔ aburow a ɛyɛ tẽẽ. Nsateaa-jointing, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ nnɛyi nnua a ɛyɛ den board manufacturing, trɛw ne tenten mu denam nnua nketenkete a ɛka bom wɔ wɔn awiei so, na ɛkora nnua no su a ɛyɛ den so bere a ɛma dimensional stability tu mpɔn. Nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde laminated ayɛ mfiridwuma no siw deformation a anisotropy de ba no ano yiye denam nnua a ɛyɛ tratraa pii a ɛteɛteɛ aburow no a ɛka bom na ɛmia no so. Saa adansi ho nhyehyɛe foforo yi ma wotumi de nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ dan mu nneɛma di dwuma wɔ adan akɛse mu.
Nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ no na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma tẽẽ. Nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe a ɛkorɔn-density no ma nnua a ɛyɛ den no tumi soa adesoa-a ɛkyɛn so, na nnua a ɛyɛ den a ayow yiye no da nsusuwii mu ahoɔden a ɛkyɛn so adi wɔ tebea horow a ɛfata mu. Nanso, nnua abɔde mu anisotropy nso kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma yiye anaasɛ nsakrae a ɛba nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu no betumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ nea ɛkyinkyin ne nea ɛpaapae aba. Sɛ yɛte nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den no nhyehyɛe su ase a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔapaw nnua ahorow ne akwan a wɔfa so yɛ ho adwuma yiye. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi de nnua a ahoɔden kɛse wɔ aburow no ho adi dwuma de ayɛ nneɛma a ɛsoa adesoa-, bere a wobetumi de nnua a aburow fɛfɛ wom ayɛ nneɛma a wɔde siesie nneɛma. Nnɛyi akwan a wɔfa so sesa nnua, te sɛ ɔhyew a wɔde yɛ adwuma ne nnuru a wɔde hyɛ mu no, sesa nnua no mu nneɛma nketenkete ma ɛyɛ nwini na ɛko tia nkoekoemmoa.
Sɛ yɛhwɛ nkɔso a ɛtra hɔ daa a, abɔde mu nhyehyɛe a wɔde nnua a ɛyɛ den ayɛ no ma ɛyɛ adansi nneɛma a ɛnyɛ nea ɛmma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu biako. Sɛ́ ade a wotumi yɛ no foforo no, nnua twetwe carbon dioxide na ɛma oxygen fi adi bere a ɛrenyin no, na ntini a ɛwɔ ne nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe mu no nso tumi hwɛ dan mu nsu a ɛyɛ nwini no so. Ɛnam sɛ wɔde mfiridwuma a ɛkɔ anim a wɔde yɛ drying ne anti-corrosion mfiridwuma di dwuma nti, wɔama nnɛyi nnua a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den no nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den no atu mpɔn kɛse, na wɔn nkwa nna betumi adu mfe du du pii. Daakye, sɛ yɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ wɔ nnua nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe ho a, wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ yɛbɛyɛ nnua a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye mpo, a ebetumi akura wɔn abɔde mu ahoɔfɛ mu bere a edi nnɛyi asetra mu ahwehwɛde ahorow ho dwuma no.
